Infectious Diseases

Infectious diseases are caused by pathogenic microorganisms. Whether exposure leads to illness depends on multiple factors—such as the type and inoculum of the pathogen, the patient’s immune status, and genetic susceptibility. In many cases, if immune defenses are strong, the body can clear the pathogen; when immunity is weakened, infection can progress to disease.

Timely and accurate diagnosis is critical, as it directly informs treatment planning. Diagnostic delays are a major contributor to suboptimal outcomes.

Examples:

• HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus)
  
• HCV (Hepatitis C Virus)
  
• HBV (Hepatitis B Virus)